What is ADHD?
Every child finds it hard to pay attention, sit still or follow instructions at times. In children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), these behaviors are so frequent and strong that they get in the way of life at school, at home and with friends.
ADHD is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders. It is usually diagnosed in childhood and often continues into adulthood.
What does ADHD look like?
ADHD rarely looks the same in two children. Signs can show up in one or all of these areas:
Inattentive
Trouble focusing, concentrating and staying on task. The child may daydream a lot, seem forgetful or absent minded and lose track of things.
Hyperactive
Fidgety, restless and easily bored. Finds it hard to sit still or stay quiet when needed. Emotional reactions may seem bigger than the situation.
Impulsive
Acts before thinking, interrupts often, may push or grab, and finds it hard to wait for a turn.
When should you suspect ADHD?
It is normal for children to be distracted, restless or impatient sometimes. Look more closely if:
- The signs are stronger than expected for your child's age or developmental level
- The concerns started early, usually before age 7
- The signs show up in different places, like home, school and play
- They affect relationships with friends and family, or learning
Often the school is the first to notice, reporting poor self control, distraction or inattention. Please pay close attention to teacher feedback.
Who can diagnose ADHD?
ADHD should be diagnosed by a trained professional such as a developmental disorders specialist. There is no single test for ADHD, and other problems, like learning disabilities, can look similar.
ADHD often does not come alone. Around 30 to 50 percent of children with ADHD also have learning difficulties, so both need to be checked.
How is ADHD treated?
Early identification and treatment improve long term outcomes. In most cases, ADHD is treated with a combination of behavior therapy and medicines. The medicines have a calming, focusing effect on the child and are not addictive when used as prescribed.
ADHD and school
ADHD can affect a child's education, but the right strategies make a big difference. Work with your developmental specialist and therapists, and share these ideas with your child's teacher:
- Seat the child away from distractions in class
- Allow short movement breaks
- Give clear, short instructions, one step at a time
- Praise effort and good behavior straight away
Questions parents often ask
Will my child outgrow ADHD?
Some children improve a lot as they grow, but for many, ADHD continues into the teen and adult years in some form. Treatment and coping skills help them do well at every stage.
Are ADHD medicines safe?
When prescribed and monitored by a specialist, ADHD medicines are safe and not addictive. Your doctor will check your child's growth, appetite and sleep during follow up.
Can diet cure ADHD?
No diet cures ADHD. A balanced diet, good sleep and regular exercise do support attention and mood, and work well alongside proper treatment.